关键词: 生态系统格局;生态系统质量;生态系统服务;生态系统稳定性;保护修复;三峡库区;

Abstract: In the background of ecological civilization construction and the continuous advancement of the Yangtze River Economic Belt strategy, the quantitative assessment of the ecosystem of the Three Gorges Reservoir at the basin scale is the scientific basis for the formulation of ecological protection and restoration strategies in the reservoir area, and is of great significance to the future "natural-economic and social" sustainable development of the reservoir area.Based on multiple remote sensing images, we comprehensively used ecological models and statistical analysis to analyze the evolution trend of ecosystem pattern, quality, and service of the Three Gorges Reservoir Basin.The results indicated that:(1) From 2000 to 2020,the water body area in the Three Gorges Reservoir Basin increased by 283.25 km2,primarily converted from farmland, towns, and forests.(2) 64.5% of the watershed area demonstrates an increasing trend in both water and soil conservation, predominantly in the upper reaches.Conversely, there has been a decline in water conservation, biodiversity preservation, and carbon sequestration in the middle and lower sections of the basin, particularly near the city′s primary urban areas and their surrounding regions.Additionally, soil erosion is notably more severe in the mountainous zones of the basin′s lower reaches.(3) The ecosystem stability in the reservoir area has shown signs of improvement.However, in the western farmland and Changjiang River riparian areas, human activities have led to a decline in stability.To enhance the ecosystem′s stability in the Three Gorges Reservoir Basin, it is recommended to adopt a basin management approach that emphasizes "large basin coordination, sub-basin zoning, and differentiated policy".This involves implementing precise interventions tailored to each river, namely enhancing the ecological quality of forests and grasslands in upstream natural areas, adjusting wetlands within the riparian zone, and improving the overall ecological quality of these wetlands.By modifying the structure of wetland communities in the riparian zone, we can boost the water conservation capacity of the upstream area, improve habitat functions in both the riparian and dropdown zones and bolster soil and water conservation capabilities.This will be an important direction for the stability of the ecosystem and the sustainable development of the Three Gorges Reservoir area in the future.

Key words: ecosystem pattern; ecosystem quality; ecosystem services; ecosystem stability; protection and reservation; Three Gorges Reservoir Area;