关键词: 水污染防治 ; 引调水工程受水区 ; 关键技术体系 ; 控制单元 ; 水环境监测体系 ; 水环境风险应急 处置系统 ; 环北部湾广东水资源配置工程

Abstract: Establishing a scientific ,reasonable ,and feasible technical system in the receiving area of water diversion projects is crucial for solving the water pollution problems in water transfer projects. Taking the Guangdong water Resources Allocation project in the Beibu Gulf as an example ,a five - in - one key technical system for water pollution prevention and control in the receiving areas of the water diversion project has been established ,in which the control unit water pollution capacity is made clear , and a reasonable confine for controlling the total amount of pollutant discharge is formulated. The system takes into account various factors such as the distribution of river systems in the receiving areas ,the current state of the water environment ,and the local situation of water pollution prevention and control. In the system the control unit is considered as a gripper ,guaranteeing water quality in the water function zone and controlling the total amount of river discharge is taken as the bottom line ,pollution prevention and control measures are taken as the means ,and the " sky - aero -ground integration " water environment monitoring system and water environment risk emergency response system serve as a guarantee. The results show that this technology system is scientific , reasonable ,and has strong guidance and operability , which can effectively solve the water pollution problem in the area and achieve the goal of " transferring water without increasing pollution " . Based on fully implementing 170 water pollution prevention and control planning measures and improving the emergency response system for water environment risks ,after the completion and running of the Guangdong water Resources Allocation project around the Beibu Gulf ,it is predicted that although the amount of wastewater entering the rivers in 2035 will increase by 183 . 22% compared to the current situation ,the amount of pollutants COD, ammonia nitrogen ,and total phosphorus entering the river will decrease by 13 . 2% ,61 . 7% , and 77 . 5% . The results can guide management decision - makers from the perspective of key technology systems and can serve as a reference for water pollution prevention and control in the receiving areas of water diversion projects.

Key words: water pollution prevention and control ; receiving area of water diversion project ; key technology system ; control unit ; water environment monitoring system ; water environment risk emergency response system ; Guangdong water Resources Allocation project in the Beibu Gulf