堰塞湖逐渐溃决洪水模拟及溃口变化影响分析

doi:10.16232/j.cnki.1001-4179.2019.03.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 堰塞湖溃决一般为逐渐溃方式，溃决洪水与溃口变化关系密切。基于MIKE11水动力学模型和谢任之逐渐溃经验公式，开展了雅鲁藏布江堰塞湖典型溃坝方案下的溃坝洪水复演工作。在此基础上，针对溃口演变形式及演变历时差异，探讨其对溃坝洪水的影响。研究表明：MIKE11模型及谢任之经验公式模拟结果相近，假定的2/3溃坝方案成果可作为溃坝洪水计算的安全阈值；溃口演变形式及历时均对溃坝洪水有一定影响，溃口线性变化下形成的洪峰较非线性变化增加约15.3%~19.5%；洪峰与溃口历时存在非线性关系，溃口历时越短，洪峰越大；溃口大小及演变历时受堰塞体土质影响较大。研究成果进一步加深了我们对堰塞湖溃坝洪水的认识，可为堰塞湖抗洪抢险决策提供技术参考。

关键词: 堰塞湖, 溃坝洪水, 溃口变化, 洪水计算, 雅鲁藏布江

Abstract: Breaching of barrier dam is in the way of gradually breaching and the dam-break floods are closely related to the breach evolution. Based on the MIKE 11 DB model and Xie Renzhi's empirical formula, the dam-break flood simulation under the typical barrier dam breaking scheme of the Yarlung Zangbo River is carried out. On this basis, the influence of breach evolution form and breaching duration on the dam-break flood is discussed. The research shows that the simulation results of MIKE 11 DB model and Xie Renzhi's empirical formula are similar. The assumed 2/3 dam breaching scheme can be used as the safety threshold for dam-breaking flood calculation. The breaching evolution form and duration have a certain influence on the dam-break flood, and the flood peak of linear breaching is 15.3%-19.5% larger than that under non-linear breaching. The shorter the breaching duration is, the larger the flood peak is, and there is a nonlinear relationship between them. The size and duration of breaching are greatly affected by the earth quality of dam-body. This study further deepens the understanding of the dam-breaking flood of the barrier lakes, and can provide technical reference for the flood control and rescue decision of the barrier dam breaching.

Key words: barrier lake, dam-break flood, breach evolution, flood calculation, Yarlung Zangbo River

邓鹏鑫, 徐高洪, 徐长江, 邴建平, 贾建伟. 堰塞湖逐渐溃决洪水模拟及溃口变化影响分析[J]. 人民长江, doi: 10.16232/j.cnki.1001-4179.2019.03.006.

DENG Pengxin, XU Gaohong, XU Changjiang, BING Jianping, JIA Jianwei. Flood simulation of gradual breaching of barrier dam and influence of breach evolution[J]. , doi: 10.16232/j.cnki.1001-4179.2019.03.006.

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堰塞湖逐渐溃决洪水模拟及溃口变化影响分析

Flood simulation of gradual breaching of barrier dam and influence of breach evolution

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