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丹江口水库典型支流对水库总氮浓度的影响

张乐群,付昕,白凤朋   

  • 出版日期:2020-07-28 发布日期:2020-07-28

Influence of representative input tributaries on total nitrogen in Danjiangkou Reservoir

ZHANG Lequn ,FU Xin ,BAI Fengpeng   

  • Online:2020-07-28 Published:2020-07-28

摘要: 2017年出台的《丹江口库区及上游水污染防治和水土保持"十三五"规划》中明确指出:水源区总氮浓度总体偏高,存在发生富营养化的风险。丹江口水库TN污染已经得到国内学者的普遍关注。采用季节性肯德尔法对2012~2017年丹江口库区陶岔、坝上、浪河口下、凉水河4个水质监测断面以及2012~2016年汉江、丹江、堵河和老灌河4条主要入库支流的总氮浓度变化趋势进行了分析研究;建立了库区二维水动力水质数学模型,选择2016年7月(丰水期)和2016年12月(枯水期)作为典型月份,研究汉江、丹江和老灌河3条主要入库支流总氮污染加剧对库区水质的影响。结果表明:①库区4站总氮浓度均呈现高度显著下降的趋势,水质趋于变好;汉江和丹江入库总氮浓度呈显著下降的趋势,老灌河入库总氮浓度呈显著上升的趋势;库区和入库支流总氮浓度均呈现枯水期大于丰水期的特点。②当汉江、丹江和老灌河3条支流入库总氮负荷增加1倍时,丰水期对库区水质影响的范围更大;3条支流中汉江对库区影响的面积最大,丹江引起的局部水域水质恶化最严重。

关键词: 总氮, 水质, 季节性肯德尔法, 丹江口水库

Abstract: In the 13 th Five-Year Plan for Water Pollution Prevention and Soil and Water Conservation of Danjiangkou Reservoir Area and Its Upstream, issued in 2017, it is clearly pointed out that the total nitrogen(TN) concentration in the water source area is generally high, and there is a risk of eutrophication. The TN pollution in Danjiangkou Reservoir has been widely concerned. Using Seasonal Kendall method, the trend of TN concentration was studied in Danjiangkou Reservoir(including 4 water quality monitoring sections, Taocha, Bashang, Langhekouxia, Liangshuihe) from 2012 to 2017 and four representative input tributaries(Hanjiang, Danjiang, Duhe, Laoguanhe)from 2012~2016. The two-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality numerical model was established. The influence of Hanjiang, Danjiang and Laoguanhe on the TN concentration distributions in reservoir were analyzed during July 2016(flood period) and December 2016(dry period). The results showed that:(1)The TN concentration in the reservoir showed a highly significant decreasing trend, and the water quality tended to be better; the TN concentration in the Hanjiang and Danjiang showed a significant decreasing trend, however a significant increasing trend in the Laoguanhe River.(2) When the TN load of the Hanjiang River, Danjiang River and Laoguanhe River doubled, the influence on the water quality in flood season was greater than that in dry period; the influence area on the reservoir caused by Hanjiang River was the largest among the three representative tributaries, and the Danjiang River caused the most serious deterioration of water quality in the reservoir.

Key words: total nitrogen, water quality, seasonal Kendall method, Danjiangkou Reservoir