关键词: 水资源;空间均衡;基尼系数;水资源负载指数;喀斯特地区;黔中城市群;长江上游;

Abstract: In order to study the variation characteristics of spatial equilibrium of water resources in typical karst urban agglomerations in the upper reaches of the Changjiang River, the Central Guizhou Province urban agglomerations were taken as the study area, and the Gini coefficient method was selected to analyze the spatial distribution equilibrium of water resources-population, water resources-GDP,and water resources-cultivated land resources in the study area from 2011 to 2020.Moreover, the degree and potential of water resources utilization were also evaluated based on the water resource load index.The results showed that:(1) the spatial distribution of water resources-population and water resources-GDP in the study area showed an unbalanced state on the whole.In the central region(the core area of the Central Guizhou urban agglomeration),the spatial equilibrium among water resources, population and GDP was poor, because it was short of water resources and carried more population and GDP.The northern and southern regions were better in spatial equilibrium than the central region because they were more abundant in water resources and carried less population and GDP.Meanwhile, the spatial equilibrium of water resources and cultivated land resources showed a better equilibrium in all regions.(2)The water resources load index in the study area was higher in the central region and lower in the northern and southern regions.In terms of time variation, the central region showed a certain downward trend, while the northern region showed an upward trend, and the southern region had improved slightly but was basically in a stable state.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for formulating policies for socio-economic development and water resources utilization of urban agglomerations in karst areas in the upper reaches of the Changjiang River, and promoting the overall development of the Changjiang River Economic Belt.

Key words: water resource; spatial equilibrium; Gini coefficient; water resources load index; karst area; urban agglomeration; upper reaches of the Changjiang River;