关键词: 总磷；污染特征；溯源；污染贡献；PCA-APCS-MLR 模型；高港码头；长江

Abstract: Phosphorus, as the primary pollutant in the Yangtze River Basin, has a wide range of pollution sources and a complex composition, making it difficult to achieve precise tracing. This study focuses on the Gaogang Wharf area in Taizhou City, located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Through phosphorus speciation analysis, three-dimensional fluorescence, and high-resolution mass spectrometry techniques, the compositional characteristics of phosphorus in typical tributaries and estuaries were analyzed. The PCA-APCS-MLR model algorithm was used to analyze the sources of phosphorus pollution. The results show that: ①The disturbance of bottom sediment by wind waves and ship navigation led to an increase in nearshore particulate phosphorus, which was the main factor contributing to the increase in total phosphorus at the traceability section. ②The concentration of orthophosphate changed little along the river, indicating a low possibility of industrial pollution. ③The fluorescent substances in the basin were mainly humus, showing a high degree of pollution homology. ④High-resolution mass spectrometry accurately analyzed the characteristic fingerprints of organic phosphorus. By constructing the PCA-APCS-MLR pollution source contribution rate model, it was found that domestic sewage, material chemical industry, agriculture, pharmaceutical chemical industry, other industrial pollution, and other sources contributed 47%, 5%, 3%, 1%, 1%, and 43% respectively to the total phosphorus pollution. The phosphorus in the Gaogang Wharf mainly originated from bottom sediment and nearshore input.

Key words: Total phosphorus; Pollution characteristics; Tracing; Pollution contribution; PCA-APCS-MLR model; Gaogang Wharf; Yangtze River