关键词: 生态承载力；土地利用变化；生态足迹；生态盈余 / 赤字；生态移民区；红寺堡区；宁夏

Abstract: To explore the impact of land use change on the regional ecological carrying capacity in the ecological resettlement area of Ningxia, this study is based on the land use data of Hongsipu District from 2000 to 2020. By using indicators such as the land use degree index, dynamic degree, and transfer matrix, the spatio-temporal change characteristics of land use in Hongsipu District since its establishment were comprehensively analyzed from three aspects: regional land use structure, dynamic change degree, and spatial transfer. The ecological footprint method was used to calculate the ecological carrying capacity of Hongsipu District in different periods. The results show that: ①From the time scale, the land use degree index of Hongsipu District from 2000 to 2020 showed a trend of first decreasing, then increasing, and then decreasing again. The absolute value of the change in the area of various land types from high to low is grassland > construction land > cultivated land > forest land > unused land > water area, and the absolute value of the land use dynamic degree is construction land > forest land > water area > unused land > grassland > cultivated land. ②From the spatial scale, the spatial change of land use in Hongsipu District in the past 20 years was mainly the transfer of cultivated land to grassland, the transfer of grassland to cultivated land and construction land, and the transfer of unused land to cultivated land and construction land, accounting for 71.1% of the total transfer area. ③From 2000 to 2020, the per capita ecological footprint changed greatly, and the change in ecological carrying capacity was negatively correlated with the ecological footprint. Cultivated land and grassland were the main factors affecting the change in regional ecological carrying capacity. ④Before 2015, Hongsipu District was in a state of ecological surplus, and then it turned into an ecological deficit. Currently, the ecological sustainable situation in Hongsipu District is worrying. In the future, it is recommended to rationally allocate land resources, protect forest and grassland resources, and control fossil energy consumption to maintain regional ecological balance and sustainable development.

Key words: ecological carrying capacity; land use change; ecological footprint; ecological surplus/deficit; ecological resettlement area; Hongsipu District; Ningxia