关键词: 2024年长江洪水;暴雨洪水;洪水特点;洪水成因;区域性大洪水

Abstract: In the main flood season of 2024,the main stream of the Changjiang River experienced three consecutive numbered floods, and some tributaries suffered severe flooding.The sections below Chenglingji in the middle and lower reaches of the main stream, as well as the entire Two Lakes region(Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake),exceeded the warning water levels.The peak water levels at the main control stations ranked 7th to 9th among those since recorded measurements, and the highest water level at the Hankou Station hit the third highest in 21st century(second only to those in 2020 and 2016).In 2024,the causes of the rainstorm and flood of the Changjiang River were complex due to the influence of plum rain and typhoon.In this paper, we systematically reviewed the development process of the rainstorm and flood, carried out a detailed analysis on the characteristics and causes of the floods, and qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed the flood based on the water simulation system of the Changjiang River Basin.The results indicate that the 2024 Changjiang River rainstorm and flood is characterized by a large total rainfall, high intensity, early flood numbering, numerous rivers exceeding warning levels, and rapid flood surges.From a causative perspective, the prominent factors include the superimposed effect of rainstorms, extreme conditions, adverse typhoon impacts, and severe encounters of floods in the two lakes.These factors led to obstructed flood discharge along the Changjiang River due to backwater effects, significantly affecting drainage.Restoration analysis indicates that the 2024 Changjiang River flood is classified as a regional major flood in the middle and lower reaches.By summarizing the characteristics of this flood, we preliminarily discussed the new situations and challenges of flood control in the Changjiang River Basin under the current context of frequent, sporadic, and recurring extreme weather events.The research aims to provide reference and guidance for flood control efforts in the Changjiang River in the coming period.

Key words: 2024 Changjiang River flood ; rainstorm and flood ; characteristics of the floods ; causes of floods ; regional major flood