人民长江 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (2): 39-48.doi: 10.16232/j.cnki.1001 - 4179.2025.02.006

• • 上一篇    

国家重点保护淡水鱼类增殖放流现状、问题及建议

程睿,张东亚,杨洋,秦天龙,俞伏虎,张志明   

  • 收稿日期:2024-06-18 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2025-02-28

Current situation, problems and suggestions on breeding and release of nationally protected freshwater fish species

CHENG Rui, ZHANG Dongya, YANG Yang, QIN Tianlong, YU Fuhu, ZHANG Zhiming   

  • Received:2024-06-18 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2025-02-28

摘要: 为更好地保护水生生物多样性,拯救珍稀濒危保护鱼类,针对《国家重点保护野生动物名录》中淡水鱼类的人工繁育技术研究和增殖放流现状进行了系统梳理和归纳,在此基础上,分析了中国当前增殖放流中存在的问题:①人工繁育技术不成熟;②放流物种不合理,破坏生态平衡;③不科学增殖放流影响种群遗传质量;④增殖放流效果评估不到位。针对性地提出保护建议:①加强人工繁育技术研究,构建放流技术支撑体系;②健全相关法律法规体系,正确引导放流实践;③科学规划、合理布局,提高增殖放流的科学性;④完善增殖放流效果评估,科学确定放流种类及规模。

关键词: 国家重点保护淡水鱼类;人工繁育;人工放流

Abstract: To better protect aquatic biodiversity and save rare and endangered protected fish species, a systematic review and induction was conducted on the research of artificial breeding techniques and the current situation of breeding and release of freshwater fish species in the National Key Protected Wildlife List. At the same time, the problems in China's current breeding and release are analyzed: ① The artificial breeding technology is not mature; ② The released species are unreasonable and damage the ecological balance; ③ Unscientific breeding and release affects the genetic quality of the population; ④ Evaluation on breeding and release effect is inadequate. Targeted protection suggestions are proposed: ① Strengthening research on artificial breeding technology and establishing a scientific and technical support system for release; ② Establishing a sound system of relevant laws and regulations, and correctly guiding the practice of release; ③ Scientific planning and rational layout to improve the scientificity of breeding and release; ④ Improving the evaluation of breeding and release effects, scientifically determining the types and scale of release.

Key words: national key protected freshwater fish species; artificial breeding; artificial release