人民长江

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金沙江梯级与三峡水库联合防洪调度研究

张睿,李安强,丁毅   

  • 出版日期:2018-07-14 发布日期:2018-07-14

Study on joint flood control operation of cascade reservoirs on Jingsha River and Three Gorges Reservoir

ZHANG Rui, LI Anqiang, DING Yi   

  • Online:2018-07-14 Published:2018-07-14

摘要: 金沙江下游溪洛渡、向家坝梯级水库具有对川江沿岸重要城市和配合三峡水库对长江中下游进行防洪的双重防洪功能,如何科学划分金沙江梯级水库有限防洪库容、协调各防洪对象的调度方式,是溪洛渡、向家坝配合三峡防洪调度这一面向多区域防洪问题的关键科学问题。首先在金沙江溪洛渡、向家坝梯级规划设计防洪库容的基础上,按照所在河段防洪目标及配合三峡水库对中下游防洪的次序,探讨了川渝河段及长江中下游重点区域防洪对溪洛渡、向家坝梯级水库防洪库容的预留要求;进而分析了上、下游洪水遭遇类型及相关性,寻求针对不同区域防洪的库容共用空间,确定防洪库容分配方案;最后,分析了上游水库拦蓄方式对三峡入库洪水的影响,提出科学、合理、可行的金沙江溪洛渡、向家坝梯级配合三峡水库联合防洪的调度方式。分析认为,联合调度可有效减轻长江中游的防洪压力,经济效益显著。

关键词: 联合防洪调度, 三峡水库, 金沙江梯级水库, 溪洛渡水库, 向家坝水库

Abstract: Xiluodu Reservoir and Xiangjiaba Reservoir on the lower reach of the Jinsha River have two flood control duties, flood control of the Chuanjiang River and the mid-lower reaches of the Changjiang River with the co-operation of TGP Reservoir. Scientifically planning the limited reservoir capacities of the cascade reservoirs on the Jinsha River, and coordinating operation modes are the key issues for the multi-regional flood control issue. Firstly, according to the planned flood control reservoir capacities of Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba Reservoirs, with consideration on the flood control priorities on the studying river reach, namely the Chuanjiang River, and the mid-lower Changjiang River, the requirements from the Chuanjiang River and Chongqing reach on the flood control capacities of Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba reservoirs are studied; secondly, the encounter types and correlation of upstream flood and downstream flood are analyzed to determine the common reservoir capacities of the cascade reservoirs to different regions for flood control capacity division; at last, the flood retaining impact of the upstream reservoirs on the flood entering Three Gorges Reservoir is analyzed. A set of scientific, reasonable and feasible co-operation modes of TGP Reservoir with cooperation of Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba reservoirs are put forward.

Key words: joint flood control operation, Three Gorges Reservoir, cascade reservoirs on Jinsha River, Xiluodu Reservoir, Xiangjiabu Reservoir