关键词: 洪旱灾害, 防洪, 水资源, 厄瓜多尔西部沿海

Abstract: Ecuador has many important cities and ports on the western coastal region such as Guayaquil, Manta, Esmeraldas, Santa Elena, etc. As the economic center, industrial center and main grain production region of Ecuador, the western coastal region is of great importance to the whole nation. However, it suffered the frequent flood and drought disasters that are affected by the terrain and climate change. Together with the weak water infrastructure and deficient capacity of disaster resilience, the social and economic development of this area was restricted. This paper introduces the general information of flood and draught disasters and further analysis shows that the flood and drought disasters are mainly caused by uneven temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation, frequent occurrence of extreme climate, short reach and steep ratio of riverbed, sharp rise and fall of flood, deficient structural facilities, low level of informatization and weak management capacity, etc. In order to ensure the safety of water and grain supply and flood control and achieve the goal of National good life plan , countermeasures are put forward from the aspects of flood control system, integrated utilization of water resources, water resource protection and water resource management.

Key words: flood and drought disaster； Ecuadorian western coastal region；flood control, water resources