关键词: 饮用水水源地, 环境风险, 层次分析, 水安全管理, 长江干流

Abstract:

In order to control the environment risk of drinking water sources area along the main Yangtze River and explore safety management method for drinking water sources area, aiming at 31 cities,146 surface drinking water sources areas and 247 chemical enterprises along the main Yangtze River, the evaluation index system for environmental risk of drinking water sources was established by using AHP method and matrix method, and the potential environmental risk level of the water sources areas was analyzed and evaluated. The analysis and evaluation results show that the risk level of the drinking water sources area are in the 5 grades (very high, high, medium, low, lower), accounting for 2.7%, 3.4%, 21.2%, 15.8% and 56.7% respectively; the high-risk cities are Suzhou, followed by Jingzhou, Wuxi, Wuhan and Nantong; the lower-risk cities are Chizhou and the districts and counties of Chongqing Municipality. According to the risk assessment results, the risk classification management measures are suggested, such as the leveled risk control and management, improving risk resistance capability，reducing the harm degree of risk source, establishing a regional defense mechanism and strengthening ecological restoration, water and soil conservation and the supervision-controlling of wharf and dangerous chemicals transport etc.

Key words: source of drinking water, environmental risk, analytic hierarchy, safety management of water resources, main stream of Yangtze River